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CAGR Calculator

Calculate the compound annual growth rate of any investment, or find the future value using a target CAGR. Instant results with a year-by-year growth chart.

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Investment Details

₹10K₹1Cr
₹10K₹1Cr
yr
1 yr40 yr

Common scenarios

CAGR

14.87%

per annum, compounded

Initial Value

₹1,00,000

Final Value

₹2,00,000

Absolute Return

100.00%

Total Gain

₹1,00,000

Growth Breakdown

final ₹2L

Initial Investment

₹1,00,000

50%

Total Gain

₹1,00,000

50%

Initial 50% Gain 50%

Year-by-Year Growth

How your investment compounds over time

Initial
Gain
0

Year-by-Year Schedule

Investment value at end of each year

Year Value Gain Absolute Return

What is CAGR?

CAGR stands for Compound Annual Growth Rate. It measures the average annual growth rate of an investment over a specified period, assuming the investment grows at a constant rate and profits are reinvested.

Unlike simple average returns, CAGR smooths out volatility and gives you a single, meaningful number to compare investments of different sizes and durations — making it the most widely used performance metric in finance.

Where is CAGR used?

Mutual fund performance reports, stock analysis, business revenue growth, real estate appreciation, and comparing fixed deposits vs equity investments.

How is CAGR Calculated?

The CAGR formula is straightforward:

CAGR = (Final Value ÷ Initial Value)^(1÷Years) − 1

Where Final Value is the investment value at end, Initial Value is the starting amount, and Years is the holding period.

To find Future Value given a CAGR:

FV = Initial × (1 + CAGR)^Years

CAGR Example Calculations

₹1L → ₹2L in 5 years 14.87% CAGR
Absolute return 100% · Gain ₹1,00,000
₹5L → ₹20L in 15 years 9.87% CAGR
Absolute return 300% · Gain ₹15,00,000
₹10L → ₹1Cr in 20 years 12.20% CAGR
Absolute return 900% · Gain ₹90,00,000
Rule of 72
At 12% CAGR, money doubles in 72÷12 = 6 years. At 6% CAGR, it takes 12 years.

CAGR Benchmarks in India

Fixed Deposit
6–7.5%
PPF
7.1%
Nifty 50 (15yr avg)
11–13%
Mid-cap Funds
13–16%
Small-cap Funds
15–20%

* Historical averages. Past returns do not guarantee future performance.

Why CAGR is the Best Return Metric

  • Eliminates volatility noise — a stock might be up 50% one year and down 20% the next. CAGR smooths this to a single annualised rate you can act on.
  • Enables fair comparison — comparing a 3-year investment to a 10-year one using absolute returns is misleading. CAGR puts both on equal footing.
  • Used in AMFI fund reports — all Indian mutual fund fact sheets report returns as CAGR for periods longer than 1 year. Understanding CAGR helps you read these correctly.
  • Compounding intuition — CAGR helps you understand the power of compounding. A 12% CAGR doubles money in 6 years and grows it 10× in 20 years.

CAGR vs Other Return Measures

CAGR — Best for lumpsum investments

One entry, one exit. Perfectly represents the annualised growth of a single investment over any period. Used for stocks, FDs, real estate.

XIRR — Best for SIP / multiple cash flows

When you invest monthly (SIP), each instalment has a different holding period. XIRR accounts for this. For SIPs, always use XIRR, not CAGR.

Absolute Return — Misleading without time context

100% return sounds impressive. But if it took 20 years, that's only 3.5% CAGR — worse than a savings account. Always combine with the time period.

Frequently Asked Questions

Common questions about CAGR and investment returns

What is CAGR and how is it calculated?
CAGR = (Final Value ÷ Initial Value)^(1÷Years) − 1. It measures the smoothed annual growth rate over a period, assuming profits are reinvested. E.g., ₹1L → ₹2L in 5 years = 14.87% CAGR. The formula accounts for the compounding effect unlike simple average returns.
What is a good CAGR for mutual funds in India?
12–15% CAGR is generally considered good for equity mutual funds over 7+ years. Large-cap funds typically deliver 10–12%, mid-cap 13–16%, and small-cap 15–20% historically. Always compare a fund's CAGR against its benchmark index, not just in absolute terms.
What is the difference between CAGR and absolute return?
Absolute return is total % gain without time context. CAGR annualises it: the same 100% gain in 5 years is 14.87% CAGR, but in 10 years it's only 7.18% CAGR. Always use CAGR when comparing investments of different durations — absolute returns can be very misleading.
Is CAGR the same as XIRR?
No. CAGR is for a single lumpsum (one entry, one exit). XIRR handles multiple cash flows at different dates — like monthly SIP investments. For a lumpsum investment, both give the same result. For SIPs or any investment with multiple contributions, always use XIRR — CAGR will significantly understate or overstate returns.
What is the Rule of 72 and how does it relate to CAGR?
The Rule of 72 is a mental shortcut: divide 72 by the CAGR to estimate years needed to double your money. At 12% CAGR → 6 years; at 8% → 9 years; at 6% → 12 years. It's accurate to within a few months and great for quick back-of-the-envelope comparisons between investment options.
Can CAGR be negative?
Yes. CAGR can be negative if the final value is less than the initial value. If ₹1 lakh fell to ₹80,000 in 3 years, CAGR = (80000÷100000)^(1÷3) − 1 = −7.11%. A negative CAGR represents the annualised rate of loss. This calculator will correctly display negative CAGR values.
How does CAGR differ from IRR (Internal Rate of Return)?
CAGR is a simplified version: it assumes one lumpsum invested at the start and one lumpsum received at the end. IRR (and its variant XIRR) handles any number of irregular cash flows in and out at any dates. For real estate investments with rental income, or SIPs with redemptions, IRR/XIRR is more accurate. CAGR is for simple point-to-point measurement.
How accurate is the BharatCalc CAGR calculator?
BharatCalc uses the standard CAGR formula — the same method used by SEBI, AMFI, and financial planning tools. Results are mathematically exact for the given inputs. The calculator also correctly handles negative CAGR (losses) and fractional year periods. For planning purposes, results are reliable; for actual investment decisions, consult a SEBI-registered advisor.

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